Primary energy use will increase globally through 2050 in all cases examined in updated projections from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), pointing to a rise in North American natural gas production and exports to help meet the growing demand.

Meanwhile, greater adoption of non-fossil fuel-based energy resources such as nuclear and renewables will likely prove insufficient to curb an increase in global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) in the coming decades, EIA said in its 2023 International Energy Outlook (IEO) report, published Wednesday.

For the latest IEO, the agency modeled outcomes through 2050 for a reference case and six side scenarios with varying assumptions on future economic growth, as well as technology and fuel prices — all based only...